General Information of Drug (ID: DMHSY1I)

Drug Name
Regorafenib
Synonyms
Regorafenib; 755037-03-7; BAY 73-4506; Regorafenibum; Stivarga; 4-(4-(3-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ureido)-3-fluorophenoxy)-N-methylpicolinamide; BAY73-4506; Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506); UNII-24T2A1DOYB; 4-[4-({[4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbamoyl}amino)-3-fluorophenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide; BAY-73-4506; 24T2A1DOYB; CHEMBL1946170; CHEBI:68647; Stivarga (TN); BAY73-4506 hydrochloride; Regorafenib [USAN:INN]
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Metastatic colorectal cancer 2B91 Approved [1], [2]
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 482.8
Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp) 4.2
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 8
ADMET Property
Absorption AUC
The area under the plot of plasma concentration (AUC) of drug is 70.4 mgh/L [3]
Absorption Cmax
The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 2.5 mg/L [3]
Absorption Tmax
The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 4 h [3]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 28 hours [4]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via the CYP3A4 and UGT1A9 [5]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C21H15ClF4N4O3
IUPAC Name
4-[4-[[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbamoylamino]-3-fluorophenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide
Canonical SMILES
CNC(=O)C1=NC=CC(=C1)OC2=CC(=C(C=C2)NC(=O)NC3=CC(=C(C=C3)Cl)C(F)(F)F)F
InChI
InChI=1S/C21H15ClF4N4O3/c1-27-19(31)18-10-13(6-7-28-18)33-12-3-5-17(16(23)9-12)30-20(32)29-11-2-4-15(22)14(8-11)21(24,25)26/h2-10H,1H3,(H,27,31)(H2,29,30,32)
InChIKey
FNHKPVJBJVTLMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
11167602
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:68647
CAS Number
755037-03-7
DrugBank ID
DB08896
TTD ID
D09GDD
VARIDT ID
DR00136
INTEDE ID
DR1401
ACDINA ID
D00586

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Proto-oncogene c-Ret (RET) TT4DXQT RET_HUMAN Modulator [6]
Tyrosine-protein kinase Kit (KIT) TTX41N9 KIT_HUMAN Modulator [6]
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) TTUTJGQ VGFR2_HUMAN Modulator [6]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [7]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [9]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Main DME
DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [10]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9)
Main DME
DE85D2P UD19_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease Metastatic colorectal cancer
ICD Disease Classification 2B91
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Tyrosine-protein kinase Kit (KIT) DTT KIT 2.06E-01 -0.1 -0.14
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) DTT KDR 1.98E-01 0.11 0.2
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTP P-GP 9.39E-02 1.07E-01 2.80E-01
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTP BCRP 9.45E-01 -5.34E-02 -9.01E-02
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTP MRP2 7.16E-01 -1.28E-02 -6.06E-02
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DTP OATP1B1 8.15E-01 6.20E-03 5.61E-02
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DME CYP3A4 1.04E-02 6.29E-02 3.54E-01
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Regorafenib (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Remdesivir DMBFZ6L Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Regorafenib and Remdesivir. 1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019 [1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019] [82]
Arn-509 DMT81LZ Moderate Increased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Arn-509 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [83]
Bedaquiline DM3906J Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Regorafenib and Bedaquiline. Antimicrobial drug resistance [MG50-MG52] [84]
Troleandomycin DMUZNIG Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Troleandomycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z] [82]
Pexidartinib DMS2J0Z Major Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Pexidartinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B] [85]
Talazoparib DM1KS78 Moderate Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Talazoparib. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [86]
Tucatinib DMBESUA Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [82]
Levomilnacipran DMV26S8 Moderate Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Levomilnacipran. Chronic pain [MG30] [87]
Lumacaftor DMCLWDJ Moderate Increased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Lumacaftor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Cystic fibrosis [CA25] [88]
Vortioxetine DM6F1PU Moderate Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Vortioxetine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [87]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Regorafenib and Cannabidiol. Epileptic encephalopathy [8A62] [89]
Tazemetostat DMWP1BH Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Tazemetostat. Follicular lymphoma [2A80] [89]
Avapritinib DMK2GZX Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Avapritinib. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B] [89]
Cobicistat DM6L4H2 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Cobicistat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [82]
Dolutegravir DMCZGRE Minor Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Dolutegravir mediated inhibition of UGT. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [90]
Berotralstat DMWA2DZ Major Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Berotralstat. Innate/adaptive immunodeficiency [4A00] [91]
Naloxegol DML0B41 Minor Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Naloxegol. Large intestine motility disorder [DB32] [92]
Ceritinib DMB920Z Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Ceritinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [82]
PF-06463922 DMKM7EW Moderate Increased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [93]
Selpercatinib DMZR15V Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Selpercatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [94]
Calaspargase pegol DMQZBXI Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Regorafenib and Calaspargase pegol. Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm [2B33] [95]
Idelalisib DM602WT Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Regorafenib and Idelalisib. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [96]
GDC-0199 DMH0QKA Major Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by GDC-0199. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [82]
IPI-145 DMWA24P Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by IPI-145 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [97]
Acalabrutinib DM7GCVW Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Acalabrutinib. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [89]
Ibrutinib DMHZCPO Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Ibrutinib. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [89]
Ponatinib DMYGJQO Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Ponatinib. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [89]
Arry-162 DM1P6FR Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Arry-162. Melanoma [2C30] [89]
LGX818 DMNQXV8 Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and LGX818. Melanoma [2C30] [89]
Dabrafenib DMX6OE3 Moderate Increased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Dabrafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [89]
Ubrogepant DM749I3 Moderate Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Ubrogepant. Migraine [8A80] [98]
Rimegepant DMHOAUG Moderate Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Rimegepant. Migraine [8A80] [99]
Fedratinib DM4ZBK6 Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Fedratinib. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [89]
Vorapaxar DMA16BR Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Vorapaxar. Myocardial infarction [BA41-BA43] [89]
Abametapir DM2RX0I Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Abametapir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Pediculosis [1G00] [100]
Lefamulin DME6G97 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Lefamulin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Pneumonia [CA40] [101]
Enzalutamide DMGL19D Moderate Increased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Enzalutamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Prostate cancer [2C82] [83]
Larotrectinib DM26CQR Moderate Decreased metabolism of Regorafenib caused by Larotrectinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [82]
Fostamatinib DM6AUHV Moderate Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Fostamatinib. Thrombocytopenia [3B64] [102]
Lusutrombopag DMH6IKO Moderate Decreased clearance of Regorafenib due to the transporter inhibition by Lusutrombopag. Thrombocytopenia [3B64] [103]
Betrixaban DM2C4RF Major Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Regorafenib and Betrixaban. Venous thromboembolism [BD72] [89]
⏷ Show the Full List of 41 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
Carmellose sodium E00625 Not Available Disintegrant
Eisenoxyd E00585 56841934 Colorant
Ferric hydroxide oxide yellow E00539 23320441 Colorant
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 3350 E00652 Not Available Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Silicon dioxide E00670 Not Available Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Soybean lecithin E00637 Not Available Other agent
Talc E00520 16211421 Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Titanium dioxide E00322 26042 Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
⏷ Show the Full List of 9 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Regorafenib 40 mg tablet 40 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5891).
2 Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013 Feb;12(2):87-90.
3 FDA approval: ado-trastuzumab emtansine for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 1;20(17):4436-41.
4 Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
5 Stegeman BH, Vos HL, Helmerhorst FM, Rosendaal FR, Reitsma PH, van Hylckama Vlieg A: Genetic variation in the first-pass metabolism of ethinylestradiol, sex hormone binding globulin levels and venous thrombosis risk. Eur J Intern Med. 2017 Jul;42:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.05.019. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
6 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
7 Regorafenib is transported by the organic anion transporter 1B1 and the multidrug resistance protein 2. Biol Pharm Bull. 2015;38(4):582-6.
8 KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D353-D361. (dg:DG01913)
9 Brain and Testis Accumulation of Regorafenib is Restricted by Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP/ABCG2) and P-glycoprotein (P-GP/ABCB1). Pharm Res. 2015 Jul;32(7):2205-16.
10 FDA Label of Regorafenib. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
11 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
12 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
13 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
14 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
15 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
16 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
17 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
18 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
19 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
20 Polymorphic expression of UGT1A9 is associated with variable acetaminophen glucuronidation in neonates: a population pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic study. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2018 Oct;57(10):1325-1336.
21 Glucuronidation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: identifying the enzymes responsible in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):1027-35.
22 Pharmacokinetic interaction involving sorafenib and the calcium-channel blocker felodipine in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs. 2011 Dec;29(6):1511-4.
23 The evolution of population pharmacokinetic models to describe the enterohepatic recycling of mycophenolic acid in solid organ transplantation and autoimmune disease. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2011 Jan;50(1):1-24.
24 The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 enzyme is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma target gene. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13975-83.
25 Involvement of the drug transporters p glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein Mrp2 in telithromycin transport. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Jan;50(1):80-7.
26 Dose-dependent disposition of methotrexate in Abcc2 and Abcc3 gene knockout murine models. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Nov;39(11):2155-61.
27 Mammalian multidrug-resistance proteins (MRPs). Essays Biochem. 2011 Sep 7;50(1):179-207.
28 Enhancing chemosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma by lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference targeting EGFR and MRP2. Oncol Lett. 2016 Sep;12(3):2107-2114.
29 Multidrug resistance associated protein 2 mediates transport of prostaglandin E2. Liver Int. 2006 Apr;26(3):362-8.
30 Lentivirus-mediated RNAi silencing targeting ABCC2 increasing the sensitivity of a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line against cisplatin. J Transl Med. 2008 Oct 4;6:55.
31 Effect of acetaminophen on expression and activity of rat liver multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 and P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Aug 15;68(4):791-8.
32 Small intestinal efflux mediated by MRP2 and BCRP shifts sulfasalazine intestinal permeability from high to low, enabling its colonic targeting. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G371-7.
33 Delineating the contribution of secretory transporters in the efflux of etoposide using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), and canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT). Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):457-63.
34 Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 (MRP2) Mediated Transport of Oxaliplatin-Derived Platinum in Membrane Vesicles. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 1;10(7):e0130727.
35 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
36 MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
37 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
38 Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
39 Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
40 Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
41 Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
42 Doxorubicin transport by RALBP1 and ABCG2 in lung and breast cancer. Int J Oncol. 2007 Mar;30(3):717-25.
43 Wild-type breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is a methotrexate polyglutamate transporter. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5538-43.
44 The effect of low pH on breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)-mediated transport of methotrexate, 7-hydroxymethotrexate, methotrexate diglutamate, folic acid, mitoxantrone, topotecan, and resveratrol in in vitro drug transport models. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Jan;71(1):240-9.
45 Role of BCRP as a biomarker for predicting resistance to 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 May;63(6):1103-10.
46 Inhibiting the function of ABCB1 and ABCG2 by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Mar 1;77(5):781-93.
47 Sterol transport by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) expressed in Lactococcus lactis. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):20645-51.
48 The phytoestrogen genistein enhances multidrug resistance in breast cancer cell lines by translational regulation of ABC transporters. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jun 28;376(1):165-72.
49 Curcumin inhibits the activity of ABCG2/BCRP1, a multidrug resistance-linked ABC drug transporter in mice. Pharm Res. 2009 Feb;26(2):480-7.
50 Imatinib mesylate (STI571) is a substrate for the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)/ABCG2 drug pump. Blood. 2004 Nov 1;104(9):2940-2.
51 Preclinical Mouse Models To Study Human OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo. Mol Pharm. 2015 Dec 7;12(12):4259-69.
52 Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1: a genetically polymorphic transporter of major importance for hepatic drug uptake. Pharmacol Rev. 2011 Mar;63(1):157-81.
53 Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Mar 15;19(6):1458-66.
54 Identification of drugs and drug metabolites as substrates of multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) using triple-transfected MDCK-OATP1B1-UGT1A1-MRP2 cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Mar;165(6):1836-1847.
55 The effect of SLCO1B1*15 on the disposition of pravastatin and pitavastatin is substrate dependent: the contribution of transporting activity changes by SLCO1B1*15. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2008 May;18(5):424-33.
56 Influence of SLCO1B1, 1B3, 2B1 and ABCC2 genetic polymorphisms on mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics in Japanese renal transplant recipients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Dec;63(12):1161-9.
57 Rifampicin alters atorvastatin plasma concentration on the basis of SLCO1B1 521T>C polymorphism. Clin Chim Acta. 2009 Jul;405(1-2):49-52.
58 FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
59 A comparison of physicochemical property profiles of marketed oral drugs and orally bioavailable anti-cancer protein kinase inhibitors in clinical development. Curr Top Med Chem. 2007;7(14):1408-22.
60 Preclinical overview of sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets both Raf and VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.Mol Cancer Ther.2008 Oct;7(10):3129-40.
61 New anilinophthalazines as potent and orally well absorbed inhibitors of the VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases useful as antagonists of tumor-driven a... J Med Chem. 2000 Jun 15;43(12):2310-23.
62 Hughes B: 2009 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2010 Feb;9(2):89-92.
63 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services. 2019
64 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services. 2020
65 Metabolism and bioactivation of famitinib, a novel inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinase, in cancer patients. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Apr;168(7):1687-706.
66 National Cancer Institute Drug Dictionary (drug id 452042).
67 Phase 1B study of amuvatinib in combination with five standard cancer therapies in adults with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2014 Jul;74(1):195-204.
68 Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and crystallographic studies of 3-substituted indolin-2-one RET inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Feb 15;18(4):1482-96.
69 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services. 2020
70 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services. 2020
71 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2185).
72 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
73 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Turning Point Therapeutics.
74 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
75 National Cancer Institute Drug Dictionary (drug name Zeteletinib).
76 Anthranilic acid amides: a novel class of antiangiogenic VEGF receptor kinase inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2002 Dec 19;45(26):5687-93.
77 2006 drug approvals: finding the niche. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007 Feb;6(2):99-101.
78 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Exelixis (2011).
79 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services
80 Emerging drugs for ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Sep;13(3):523-36.
81 YN968D1 is a novel and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tyrosine kinase with potent activity in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Sci. 2011 Jul;102(7):1374-80.
82 Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
83 Product Information. Stivarga (regorafenib). Bayer Pharmaceutical Inc, West Haven, CT.
84 Product Information. Sirturo (bedaquiline). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
85 Product Information. Turalio (pexidartinib). Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
86 Product Information. Talzenna (talazoparib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
87 Alderman CP, Moritz CK, Ben-Tovim DI "Abnormal platelet aggregation associated with fluoxetine therapy." Ann Pharmacother 26 (1992): 1517-9. [PMID: 1482806]
88 Patel S, Robinson R, Burk M "Hypertensive crisis associated with St. John's Wort." Am J Med 112 (2002): 507-8. [PMID: 11959071]
89 Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
90 Product Information. Tivicay (dolutegravir). ViiV Healthcare, Research Triangle Park, NC.
91 Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
92 Product Information. Movantik (naloxegol). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
93 Product Information. Lorbrena (lorlatinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
94 Product Information. Retevmo (selpercatinib). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
95 Al-Nawakil C, Willems L, Mauprivez C, et.al "Successful treatment of l-asparaginase-induced severe acute hepatotoxicity using mitochondrial cofactors." Leuk Lymphoma 55 (2014): 1670-4. [PMID: 24090500]
96 Product Information. Zydelig (idelalisib). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
97 Product Information. Copiktra (duvelisib). Verastem, Inc., Needham, MA.
98 Product Information. Ubrelvy (ubrogepant). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
99 Product Information. Nurtec ODT (rimegepant). Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT.
100 Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
101 Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
102 Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.
103 EMA. European Medicines Agency. European Union "EMA - List of medicines under additional monitoring.".